Improved Spatial Resolution for Optical Surveillance Using Distributed Apertures
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Research Topic Description, including Problem Statement:
The larger the primary lens or mirror diameter of an optical system, the better its diffraction-limited spatial resolution and the more detail there can be in the image. However, increasing the diameter of the single primary lens or mirror beyond a certain point becomes impractical due to factors such as weight, portability, optical aberrations, robustness, system volume and expense. Using larger monolithic primary lenses or mirrors for covert, mobile, standoff, high-spatial resolution surveillance becomes less viable.
This work will break this limitation by combining several smaller optical systems to achieve higher spatial resolution imaging. This disruptive approach using distributed apertures could not only create a system with smaller volume, weight and cost, but one that is conformally integrated into the surfaces of vehicles or other items for covert disguise.
There are many different distributed aperture techniques, but most would not be practical for mobile platform operation of standoff high-spatial-resolution surveillance in the visible to long-wave infrared wavelength range. The challenges of making a practical mobile distributed aperture optical system include:
- Mechanical vibration and thermal effect resistance without requiring a rigid structure that is heavier than a conventional monolithic telescope.
- Having a low setup and alignment time.
- Fast acquisition time to capture fast-moving images.
- Having no nulls in its 2D MTF plot out to its maximum spatial frequency.
- Consideration of atmospheric turbulence compensation.
Example Approaches:
Example approaches include distributed apertures techniques that seek to replace one large telescope with an array of smaller apertures (lenses, mirrors or cameras etc.) or to use multiple illumination angles. This includes:
- Heterodyne imaging interferometry with passive scene illumination.
- Fourier Ptychography aperture synthesis snapshot imaging with active coherent scene illumination.
- Michelson Fourier-domain interferometric imagery using photonic integrated circuit (PIC) boards to form a planar (flat) telescope with passive scene illumination.
Key Words: Distributed apertures, synthetic apertures, sparse apertures, electro-optical surveillance, heterodyne imaging interferometry, Fourier ptychography, Fizeau interferometer, Michelson interferometer, photonic integrated circuits.
Postdoc Eligibility
- U.S. citizens only
- Ph.D. in a relevant field must be completed before beginning the appointment and within five years of the appointment start date
- Proposal must be associated with an accredited U.S. university, college, or U.S. government laboratory
- Eligible candidates may only receive one award from the IC Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program
Research Advisor Eligibility
- Must be an employee of an accredited U.S. university, college or U.S. government laboratory
- Are not required to be U.S. citizens
- Citizenship: U.S. Citizen Only
- Degree: Doctoral Degree.
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- Mathematics and Statistics (11 )
- Other Non-Science & Engineering (2 )
- Physics (16 )
- Science & Engineering-related (1 )
- Social and Behavioral Sciences (30 )
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